Role of Financial Markets

Main Functions of Financial Markets

To Facilitate Saving

Financial markets provide households and firms with a range of savings instruments, such as bank deposits, bonds, and equities. This allows them to earn a return on their savings and accumulate wealth.

As the Harrod-Domar model suggests, savings are a key determinant of investment and economic growth.

To Lend to Businesses and Individuals

Financial markets provide a mechanism for firms and households to borrow funds for investment and consumption. This can help stimulate economic activity and growth.

To Facilitate the Exchange of Goods and Services

Financial markets facilitate the convenient exchange of goods and services by providing a medium of exchange, such as money, and a mechanism for settling transactions, such as payment systems. These help to encourage more consumption.

To Provide Forward Markets in Currencies and Commodities

Forward and futures markets allow firms to trade commodities and currencies at a price agreed today for delivery in the future.

This helps firms hedge against price risk, reducing uncertainty and encouraging investment.

To Provide a Market for Equities

Equity markets allow firms to raise capital by issuing shares to investors. This provides businesses with the funds needed for expansion and investment.